Patients with impaired fasting glucose should undergo tolerance test. This test is also useful in diagnosis of GDM. Current WHO recommend...

TESTING FOR KETONES The three ketone bodies are acetone (2%), acetoacetic acid (20%) and 3-β-hydroxybutyrate (78%). The primary s...

Measured in plasma or whole blood. Plasma values are slightly lower than whole blood. Glucose measurement in urine. In urine the blood gl...

FOR DIAGNOSIS PRECLINICAL (screening) ·          Immunological markers – ICA, IAA, GAD, Protein tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2...

Four main hypotheses have been proposed to explain how hyperglycemia causes the neural and vascular pathology. These are; a.       ...