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Thursday, November 15, 2012

MECHANISM OF DIABETIC TISSUE DAMAGE IN DIABETES


Diabetic tissue damage includes microvascular complications (retinopathy and nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (ischaemic heart disease, vascular disease, stroke and renal artery stenosis) and neuropathies. Microvascular tissue damage is the results of hyperglycaemia per se. Macrovascular complications are found to be associated with insulin-resistant states and hyperinsulinaemia. Due to these complications diabetes is also a most frequent cause of blindness and cardiovascular disease. Few cells types are vulnerable to direct damage from chronic hyperglycemia, for e.g. mesangial cells of kidney, vascular endothelial cells, pancreatic beta cells, Schwann cells and neurons. 

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